Monday, March 5, 2012

Who done it!

Russell Chappell did everything!!!!!!
I did everything!!!!!!!!!!!!

Works Citied

Information, images, and sound files gotten from:
J. Robert Oppenheimer . (n.d.). Grasp The Universe - Evidence for the existence of extra-terrestrial life. . Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://grasptheuniverse.com/random/j-robert-oppenheimer/
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    The Atomic Bomb. (n.d.). Modern History: The Atomic Bomb. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from www.afe.easia.columbia.edu/japan/japanworkbook/modernhist/atomicbomb.html
  • halfiranian.com. (n.d.). halfiranian.com. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://halfiranian.com/
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    1945., & Pacific, t. J. (n.d.). Surrender of Japan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrender_of_Japan
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    1945, 8. A., things, n. i., human., & animal. (n.d.). Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_bombing_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki
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    Callaway Family Association - April 2007 CFANet . (n.d.). Welcome to the Callaway Family Association Website. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://www.callawayfamily.org/cfanet/cfanet0407.htm
  • Cole, D. (n.d.). Today's Document » April 24 – Urgent Letter from Henry Stimson to Harry S. Truman. National Archives Blog Sites. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://blogs.archives.gov/todaysdocument/2011/04/24/april-24-urgent-letter-from-henry-stimson-to-harry-s-truman/
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    Henry Lewis Stimson, 1867-1950 BIOG FILE - Stimson, Henry Lewis,... Art. (n.d.). Vangobot Robot Artist Paintings & Prints. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://popartmachine.com/item/pop_art/LOC+1100665
  • Home | Mail Online. (n.d.). Home | Mail Online. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://dailymail.co.uk
  • Nuclear Files: Library: Media Gallery: Audio Files. (n.d.). Nuclear Files - From nuclear proliferation to nuclear testing, from Hiroshima to North Korea, Nuclear Files offers the A to Z on nuclear issues.. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://www.nuclearfiles.org/menu/library/media-gallery/audio/index.htm
  • Nuclear Test. (n.d.). wikipedia.org. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinity.{nuclear_test}
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    Physics Buzz. (n.d.). Physics Buzz. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://physicsbuzz.physicscentral.com
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    Pilot of plane that dropped nuclear bomb on Nagasaki dies. (n.d.). Pilot of plane that dropped nuclear bomb on Nagasaki dies. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/japan/5448767/Pilot-of-plane-that-dropped-nuclear-bomb-on-Nagasaki-dies.html
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    SHALETT, S. (n.d.). First Atomic Bomb Dropped on Japan; Missile Is Equal to 20,000 Tons of TNT; Truman Warns Foe of a 'Rain of Ruin'. The New York Times - Breaking News, World News & Multimedia. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0806.html
  • Telegraph.co.uk - Telegraph online, Daily Telegraph, Sunday Telegraph - Telegraph. (n.d.). Telegraph.co.uk - Telegraph online, Daily Telegraph, Sunday Telegraph - Telegraph. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://www.telegraph.co.uk
  • Trinity. (n.d.). Trinity. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from www.nuclearweaponarchive.org/USA/Tests
  • Photos and Videos

    Photos:

    This is a photo of the pilots who bombed Nagasaki. The pilot who actually dropped the bomb, name of Charles Donald Albury, died and he represents many of the American soldiers who died for our country while fighting in WWII.
    This is a piece of paper of a family's ancestors who went MIA or died in action during WWII. There are probably many more papers out there like this. We certainly didn't want more of these papers and that is one of the reasons that we dropped the atomic bomb.
    This is a newspaper saying that the first atomic bomb has been dropped. This ties into my thesis because we tried warning Japan that we were going to drop an atomic bomb on them, but the Japanese didn't listen and kept fighting because it was shameful to go home from a war defeated. So, thus, we dropped two atomic bombs on Japan.



    This is a picture of Henry Stimson, one of many guys who was critical in convincing Truman to drop the a-bombs. This ties into my thesis because if Stimson would've of never tried to convince Truman to drop the a-bombs, the war would've of dragged on for a very long time.

    This is a letter that Stimson wrote to Truman telling him about how the development of the atomic bomb is going. This letter without a doubt ties into my thesis because the a-bomb helped end the war in the Pacific rapidly. Where would we be today if we had never dropped the a-bomb?

    This is a picture of J. Robert Oppenheimer, the man who was one of the leaders of the Manhattan Project. This ties into my thesis because just like Stimson, Oppenheimer made the atomic bomb a reality which helped to bring the war to a screeching halt/end.

    Videos/Sound Clips:
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    This sound file is when Truman announces that America has discovered the atomic bomb and that we will use it to force Japan to surrender. This definitely ties into my thesis because again, where would we be without the a-bomb? We probably wouldn't have of won the war if it wasn't for the a-bomb.


    LiveLeak.com - High Def Atomic Bomb Blast

    This is a video of the atomic explosion in Hiroshima. This video is great because it shows you just how powerful the atomic bomb really is. This ties into my thesis because not that many people knew what type of insane strength that the atomic bomb was capable of, yet this accomplished us not having to risk even more American lives.

    This is a sound file that describes what is said to the Japanese in the Potdam Declaration. Truman is the one talking in this sound file. See, although this is a way out for the Japanese to avoid destruction, the Japanese don't take it. This ties into my thesis because if we didn't drop the a-bombs, the war would of dragged on for who knows how long.

    This website is a sound file of the Japanese surrendering to the U.S. The reason that I put this one in here is because now everyone in the U.S. can celebrate because the atomic bombs did was it was supposed to do, end the war quickly.


    Evidence

               Some people thought that we were crazy for dropping the two atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Well, yes, in a way we were, but in many other ways, we weren't.

               If we hadn't dropped the two atomic bombs, think about how many more American lives would've of been lost if we had gone with the option to attack Japan's homeland. Also, without us dropping the atomic bombs, we would of had to take complete control over Japan's homeland in order to win the war. Basically, Japan had an advantage if we were to attack their homeland because all Japan would have to do is just defend themselves and fight until we retreat. If the battle of Japan's homeland ever took place, the death toll on our side alone would probably be somewhere around 1.5 million to 2 million. No nationalistic American would ever want to see that number of deaths for one single battle. Not only did the dropping of the two atomic bombs save millions of American lives, but it also punished the Japanese for what they did to other countries.
               The Japanese committed some huge atrocities against the Philippines and other countries too. After the Japanese took over the Philippines in their quest to rule Asia, the Japanese army forced the prisoners of war to take a long, and tortuous trek known as the Bataan Death March. Many Philippines died on this brutal journey in which the end of the march was supposed to be a Japanese prison camp. Now, does it make sense to let this act of cruelty go unpunished? In my opinion, no. An analogy to this would be a murderer in front of a judge in a court trial. Would the judge let the murderer go or would the judge punish the murderer for what he/she did? People would think that the judge is a bad judge if he/she lets the murderer go. Same thing goes with the Bataan Death March. Another reason of why us dropping the two atomic bombs was justified is that the Japanese invaded Manchuria based on the fact that they needed more natural resources. Here is my question Japan, you know that you could've of asked Manchuria nicely to import resources into your country, right? All in all, if the two atomic bombs had never been dropped, the war would've of gone on way longer than it did and we would've of had many more American deaths that we never wanted to happen.

    Notes in Truman's Diary
               In his diary, Truman kept track of what he did day by day from July 16th, 1945 to July 25th, 1945. In his last note in his diary, he talked about the atomic bomb and how although it is something horrific that was made, it is also something that is very valuable. Truman also mentioned about how it is lucky that this weapon didn't fall into the wrong hands.
               "It is certainly a good thing for the world that Hitler's crowd or Stalin's did not discover this atomic bomb. It seems to be the most terrible thing ever discovered, but it can be made the most useful".
               This evidence supports my thesis because it is the most useful weapon ever made because it ended the war quicker than any of the other options of ending the war would've of. Our main goal of using the atomic bomb was to restore peace back to the world, and no other weapon/option that we had besides the atomic bomb would've of succeeded in doing so. The a-bomb was our only way out of the war in the Pacific without us getting attacked. Dropping the a-bomb secured the fact that we weren't going to lose because when an a-bomb is dropped, it not only demolishes the country, but it also demolishes the country's morale, which is exactly what our a-bomb did to Japan.
    Part of Oppenheimer's Speech for the Army Award in 1945
               J. Robert Oppenheimer was one of the leaders of the Manhattan Project, and in this speech he talks about how we must decide whether to die off/give up or to drop the atomic bomb instead. Oppenheimer believes that we must be on the same page as each other and that we also want the world to not fight itself. Oppenheimer is implying here that using the atomic bomb will bring peace to the world.
               "If atomic bombs are to be added as new weapons to the arsenals of a warring world, or to the arsenals of the nations preparing for war, then the time will come when mankind will curse the names of Los Alamos and Hiroshima. The people of this world must unite or they will perish......... By our minds we are committed, committed to a world united........"
               This would certainly back up my thesis because one country must stand up in a crazy and horrific war like this and put the end all weapon into effect that will cause the war to end abruptly. Some people would say, ok, but wasn't Japan already struggling mightily in the war? Yes, but the Japanese have a tradition that says it is more honorable to die for your country than to come back home defeated. In any war, desperate times call for desperate measures. 
    Winston Churchill's Comment
               In 1945, the minister of Britain commented on America's decision to drop the atomic bomb. In his comment, he talks about how even the people who thought it was bad to drop the atomic bomb had to recognize that the dropping of the a-bomb would save tons of American lives and that even though they thought about invading Japan's homeland, they would never actually do it.
               "There were those who considered that the atomic bomb should never have been used at all. I cannot associate myself with such ideas… I am surprised that very worthy people—but people who in most cases had no intention of proceeding to the Japanese front themselves—should adopt a position that rather than throw this bomb we should have sacrificed a million American and a quarter of a million British lives..."
               This evidence certainly supports my thesis because it says that we should certainly rather drop an atomic bomb instead of losing even more American lives. Also, one of our objectives in dropping the a-bomb was to try to force/scare Japan into surrendering since Japan would never surrender on its own. Yes, I understand all of the deaths and injuries the a-bomb caused, but it was our only option to escape the war safely without any more U.S. troops/people dying. It is more worth it to drop an a-bomb than to risk millions of American lives because i we did try to invade Japan's homeland, we could've of lost the battle.
    Stimson Letter
               Henry Stimson was the Secretary of War when Truman was president. Stimson wrote letters to the president regarding what was happening with the development of the atomic bomb. In one letter, Stimson realizes how hugely destructive the bomb is and how we won a huge battle in the lab.
                "It is an atomic bomb. It is a harnessing of the basic power of the universe........ The battle of the laboratories held fateful risks for us as well as the battles of the air, land and sea, and we have now won the battle of the laboratories as we have won the other battles."
               These two parts of a letter that Stimson wrote to Truman support my thesis because it says that their were risks involved in making the atomic bomb. That supports my thesis because that statement is very true, but the a-bomb, in my opinion, was an enormous risk, but in the end it was an enormous reward because it ended the war in the Pacific. This is a huge battle that we won even though we didn't do any actual fighting because countries like Germany, or the Soviet Union could've of gotten the idea of how to make an atomic bomb. We were certainly lucky to have gotten the knowledge of how to make an atomic bomb because who knows what the other countries would have of done with the a-bomb if they first knew how to make it.
    Harry Truman Radio Report to America on the Potsdam Conference
               This is Truman talking about what happened at the Potsdam Conference, what the U.S. is going to do about the atomic bomb and why we have decided to use it. In a paragraph of the report, Truman talks about how we must avenge the Japanese for all of their atrocities that they have committed against other countries. Truman also talks about how our main goal is to save as many American lives as possible.
               "Having found the [atomic] bomb we have used it. We have used it against those who attacked us without warning at Pearl Harbor, against those who have starved and beaten and executed American prisoners of war, against those who have abandoned all pretense of obeying international laws of warfare. We have used it in order to shorten the agony of war, in order to save the lives of thousands and thousands of young Americans."
               This, without a doubt, supports my thesis because using the a-bomb saves tons of American lives and also brings the war to a close. The Japanese certainly haven't obeyed the laws of warfare and that is yet another detail of the reason of why we dropped the atomic bombs because it is like we needed to smack some sense into the Japanese and make them realize how overly powerful they have been. Who knows what would have of happened if we didn't drop the a-bomb, bad things probably. Another detail behind my thesis is that the U.S. government operates/passes laws and such in the best interest of America. It would certainly be in the best interest of America to save as many American lives as possible.
    The Interim Committee
               The Interim Committee was a group of people who ultimately convinced Truman to use the atomic bomb on Japan. On the website, it talks about what the committee brought up to the president to try to convince him to drop the atomic bomb. One main thing about the atomic bomb was that: "The bomb should be used against Japan as soon as possible."
               This certainly backs up my thesis statement because as Americans, we, without a doubt, want to use the a-bomb on Japan as soon as possible so the war can end as quickly as it can. Also, no American in their right mind would be like, ok, lets go send off more troops so that more Americans can get killed. Every American wants to save as many American lives during a war as they can and that is what the a-bomb helps accomplish. We, the U.S., during this war, were looking to end the war the quickest and safest way possible, and the a-bomb more than helped us achieve that.


     

    Sunday, February 26, 2012

    History

               Although we, the U.S. were still at war in Europe, we had many things to discuss/worry about in the Pacific.
               During the war in the Pacific, our main tactic was to island hop our way to Japan's mainland. Once we had captured the island of Okinawa, which was the last island before Japan's mainland, President Truman was faced with a tough decision. Should we drop an atomic bomb on Japan to end the war in the Pacific? American forces had suffered the loss of many lives, and the invasion of Japan's mainland would be way more costly than the battle at the island of Okinawa. President Truman was probably thinking, what should I do to end the war in the Pacific?
               Even before we were even thinking about dropping an atomic bomb, we were already working on creating it. The Manhattan Project was started in 1942, and ended when the U.S. dropped the two atomic bombs on Japan. The Manhattan Project was led by J. Robert Oppenheimer, and basically this whole project was dedicated to allowing top scientists to experiment/figure out how to make an atomic bomb for the U.S. But, that wasn't the last time that we would hear about the atomic bomb.
               Ten days before we made the Potsdam Declaration, we first tested the atomic bomb in New Mexico, and that test was called the Trinity, which was the code name for the ignition of the world's first nuclear weapon. Once we did that test, we realized how we had probably just made/just tested the world's most powerful weapon at the time.
               On July 26th, 1945, the Potsdam Declaration was born, and in it, we asked the Japanese to give up/ to stop fighting the war or else they would encounter complete and utter ruin. After no response by the Japanese ten days later, on August 6, 1945, the first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. Three days later, the second atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, and, only about a month later after we did this, the Japanese waved the white flag.

    This is a picture of the plane, named Enola Gay, that dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima on August 6th, 1945. The commander of this plane was Paul W. Tibbets. The atomic bomb caused mass destruction and killed many Japanese people instantly.
    This is an aerial picture of what Hiroshima looked like after the first atomic bomb was released. The name of the first atomic bomb was known as "Little Boy", which contained lots of uranium 235, which is a very unstable isotope of uranium.

    Tuesday, February 21, 2012

    Homepage

               One of the presidents of the U.S. during World War II, Harry S. Truman, decided to drop two atomic bombs on Nagasaki and Hiroshima to end the war in the Pacific. When we dropped those two atomic bombs, were we justified in doing so?

                In my opinion, yes, we were, for many reasons. First off, the Japanese would never surrender under any circumstances. The Japanese told all of their soldiers that it is better to die for your country than to come back defeated. Basically, if we were to win the war in the Pacific without dropping the atomic bomb, we would of had to crush/destroy the Japanese empire. I think what Truman was trying to do in the dropping of the two atomic bombs was he was trying to protect the lives of the people who live in the U.S. Another reason why we were justified in dropping the two atomic bombs is we were trying to end the war quickly instead running the risk of letting the war drag on for who knows how many years. Also, if we assaulted Japan's homeland and hadn't used the atomic bombs, the war would've of dragged on for probably a good 3 months, if not more than that because Japan would probably try and invade our country as a counter-attack. Yes, I understand about all of the people that the atomic bombs killed and about how that is inhumane, but the dropping of the two atomic bombs was necessary because it ended the war rapidly, it saved a ton of American lives, and it prevented the war from being prolonged further.